Giordano Bruno (, januar ili februar 1548 – 17. februara 1600) bio je italinaski filozof, pjesnik, kosmološki teoretičar i ezoteristGatti, Hilary. Giordano Bruno and Renaissance Science: Broken Lives and Organizational Power. Cornell University Press, 2002, 1, iz doba renesanse. Poznat je po svojim kosmološkim teorijama, koje su se konceptualno proširile na tadašnji novi kopernikanski model. Predložio je teoriju da su zvijezde udaljena sunca okružena vlastitim planetama (egzoplanetama), i iznio je mogućnost da bi ove planete mogle podržati život, kosmološki položaj poznat kao kosmički pluralizam. Također je insistirao da je univerzum beskonačan i da ne može imati centar.
Iako je Bruno počeo kao dominikanski fratar, prihvatio je kalvinizam tokom svog boravka u Ženevi. Kasnije mu je rimska inkvizicija sudila za herezu pod optužbom za poricanje nekoliko osnovnih katoličkih doktrina, uključujući vječno prokletstvo, Sveto Trojstvo, Kristovo božanstvo, Marijino djevičanstvo i transupstancijaciju. Crkva nije olako shvatila Brunov panteizam,Birx, H. James. "Giordano Bruno" The Harbinger, Mobile, AL, 11 November 1997. "Bruno was burned to death at the stake for his pantheistic stance and cosmic perspective." niti njegovo učenje o metempsihozi u vezi sa reinkarnacijom duše. Inkvizicija ga je proglasila krivim i živ je spaljen na lomači u rimskom Campo de' Fiori 1600. Nakon njegove smrti, stekao je značajnu slavu, a posebno su ga slavili komentatori iz 19. i početka 20. stoljeća koji su ga smatrali mučenikom za nauku. Međutim, većina historičara se slaže da njegovo suđenje za hereziju nije bilo odgovor na njegove kosmološke poglede, već odgovor na njegove religijske i zagrobne poglede,Frances Yates, Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1964, p. 450Michael J. Crowe, The Extraterrestrial Life Debate 1750–1900, Cambridge University Press, 1986, p. 10, "[Bruno's] sources... seem to have been more numerous than his followers, at least until the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century revival of interest in Bruno as a supposed 'martyr for science.' It is true that he was burned at the stake in Rome in 1600, but the church authorities guilty of this action were almost certainly more distressed at his denial of Christ's divinity and alleged diabolism than at his cosmological doctrines."Adam Frank (2009). The Constant Fire: Beyond the Science vs. Religion Debate, University of California Press, p. 24, "Though Bruno may have been a brilliant thinker whose work stands as a bridge between ancient and modern thought, his persecution cannot be seen solely in light of the war between science and religion."White, Michael (2002). The Pope and the Heretic: The True Story of Giordano Bruno, the Man who Dared to Defy the Roman Inquisition, p. 7. Perennial, New York. "This was perhaps the most dangerous notion of all... If other worlds existed with intelligent beings living there, did they too have their visitations? The idea was quite unthinkable." "Yet the fact remains that cosmological matters, notably the plurality of worlds, were an identifiable concern all along and appear in the summary document: Bruno was repeatedly questioned on these matters, and he apparently refused to recant them at the end.14 So, Bruno probably was burned alive for resolutely maintaining a series of heresies, among which his teaching of the plurality of worlds was prominent but by no means singular." iako neki još uvijek tvrde da je glavni razlog Brunove smrti bio njegov kosmološki pogled. Brunov slučaj se i dalje smatra prekretnicom u historiji slobodne misli i novih nauka.
Pored kosmologije, Bruno je opširno pisao i o umjetnosti pamćenja, labavo organiziranoj grupi mnemotehničkih tehnika i principa. Historičar Frances Yates tvrdi da je Bruno bio pod dubokim uticajem presokratskog Empedokla, neoplatonizma, renesansnog hermetizma i legendi sličnih Knjizi postanka koje okružuju helenističku koncepciju Hermesa Trismegistosa.The primary work on the relationship between Bruno and Hermeticism is Frances Yates, Giordano Bruno and The Hermetic Tradition, 1964; for an alternative assessment, placing more emphasis on the Kabbalah, and less on Hermeticism, see Karen Silvia De Leon-Jones, Giordano Bruno and the Kabbalah, Yale, 1997; for a return to emphasis on Bruno's role in the development of Science, and criticism of Yates' emphasis on magical and Hermetic themes, see Hillary Gatti (1999), Giordano Bruno and Renaissance Science, Cornell. Druge Brunove studije fokusirale su se na njegov kvalitativni pristup matematici i njegovu primjenu prostornih koncepata geometrije na jezik.Alessandro G. Farinella and Carole Preston, "Giordano Bruno: Neoplatonism and the Wheel of Memory in the 'De Umbris Idearum'", in Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 55, No. 2, (Summer, 2002), pp. 596–624; Arielle Saiber, Giordano Bruno and the Geometry of Language, Ashgate, 2005
Reference
Vanjski linkovi
http://www.intratext.com/Catalogo/Autori/AUT52.HTM Radovi http://www.esotericarchives.com/bruno/home.htm
Kategorija:Italijanski filozofi Kategorija:Biografije, Nola Kategorija:Rođeni 1548. Kategorija:Umrli 1600.