thumb|Vue de la végétation de toundra, au bord du Scoresby Sund à l'est du Groenland La flore du Groenland représente un total de 575 espèces ou 606 taxa (espèces et sous-espèces) de plantes vasculaires, dont treize sont endémiques, et quatre-vingt-sept taxa ont été introduits par l'homme, la plupart s'y étant naturalisés. Espèces et sous-espèces endémiques (Asteraceae) Antennaria affinis (Asteraceae) Antennaria boecherana (Asteraceae) Antennaria hansii (Asteraceae) Antennaria intermedia (Brassicaceae) Draba arctica subsp. ostenfeldii (Brassicaceae) Boechera holboellii (Ericaceae) ×Ledodendron vanhoeffeni (hybride intergénérique) (Poaceae) Elymus trachycaulus ssp. virescens (Poaceae) Festuca groenlandica (Poaceae) Puccinellia groenlandica (Poaceae) Puccinellia rosenkrantzii (Potamogetonaceae) Potamogeton groenlandicus (Rosaceae) Potentilla rubella (Saxifragaceae) Saxifraga nathorstii
Apiaceae
Angelica archangelica ssp. archangelica – native Carum carvi – introduite Ligusticum scoticum ssp. scoticum – native
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium viride – native
Asteraceae
thumb|Erigeron compositus dans la région d'Ilulissat Achillea millefolium ssp. millefolium – introduite Antennaria affinis – native, endémique (micro-espèce) Antennaria angustata – native Antennaria boecherana – native, endémique (micro-espèce) Antennaria canescens – native Antennaria compacta – native Antennaria friesiana – native Antennaria glabrata – native Antennaria hansii – native, endémique (micro-espèce) Antennaria intermedia – native, endémique (micro-espèce) Antennaria porsildii – native Antennaria sornborgeri – native Antennaria subcanescens – native Arnica angustifolia ssp. angustifolia – native Artemisia borealis ssp. borealis – native Artemisia vulgaris – introduite Chamomilla recutita – introduite Chamomilla suaveolens – introduite Cirsium arvense – introduite Cirsium helenioides – native, éteinte Crepis tectorum ssp. tectorum – introduite Erigeron borealis – native Erigeron compositus – native Erigeron humilis – native Erigeron uniflorus ssp. eriocephalus – native Erigeron uniflorus ssp. uniflorus – native Filaginella uliginosa – introduite Hieracium sect. Alpina – native Hieracium sect. Prenanthoidea – native Hieracium sect. Subalpina – native Hieracium sect. Tridentata – native Leontodon autumnalis ssp. autumnalis – introduite (Vikings) Leucanthemum vulgare – introduite Matricaria maritima ssp. phaeocephala – native Matricaria perforata – introduite Omalotheca norvegica – native Omalotheca supina – native Senecio vulgaris – introduite Taraxacum sect. Arctica – native Taraxacum sect. Borealia – native Taraxacum sect. Spectabilia – native
Betulaceae vignette|Betula nana (bouleau nain) dans la région d'Upernavik
Alnus viridis ssp. crispa – native Betula glandulosa – native Betula nana ssp. nana – native Betula pubescens ssp. minor – native
Boraginaceae
Asperugo procumbens – introduite Mertensia maritima – native Myosotis arvensis – introduite
Brassicaceae
thumb|Draba nivalis, près d'Upernavik Arabidopsis arenicola – native Arabis alpina – native Barbarea stricta – introduite Barbarea vulgaris – introduite Beringia bursifolia – native Boechera holboellii – native Brassica rapa ssp. sylvestris – introduite Braya humilis ssp. arctica – native Braya intermedia – native Braya linearis – native Braya novae-angliae – native Braya purpurascens – native Braya thorild-wulffii – native Cakile edentula ssp. edentula – native Capsella bursa-pastoris – introduite Cardamine bellidifolia – native Cardamine pratensis ssp. polemonioides – native Cardaminopsis arenosa – introduite Cochlearia groenlandica – native Descurainia sophia – introduite Draba alpina – native Draba arctica ssp. ostenfeldii – native, endémique (sous-espèce) Draba arctica ssp. arctica – native Draba arctogena – native Draba aurea – native Draba cana – native Draba cinerea – native Draba corymbosa – native Draba crassifolia – native Draba fladnizensis – native Draba glabella – native Draba incana – native Draba micropetala – native Draba nivalis – native Draba norvegica – native Draba oblongata – native Draba oxycarpa – native Draba pauciflora – native Draba sibirica – native Draba subcapitata – native Draba wahlenbergii – native Erysimum pallasii – native Eutrema edwardsii – native Lesquerella arctica – native Raphanus raphanistrum – introduite Rorippa islandica ssp. islandica – native Rorippa palustris ssp. palustris – introduite Rorippa sylvestris – introduite Sinapis arvensis – introduite Sisymbrium altissimum – introduite Subularia aquatica ssp. americana – native Thlaspi arvense – introduite
Callitrichaceae
Callitriche anceps – native Callitriche hamulata – native Callitriche hermaphroditica – native Callitriche palustris – native
Calochortaceae
Streptopus amplexifolius ssp. americanus – native
Campanulaceae
Campanula gieseckiana – native Campanula uniflora – native
Caryophyllaceae
Arenaria humifusa – native Arenaria pseudofrigida – native Cerastium alpinum ssp. lanatum – native Cerastium alpinum ssp. alpinum – native Cerastium arcticum – native Cerastium arvense – native Cerastium beeringianum – native Cerastium cerastoides – native Cerastium fontanum ssp. vulgare – introduite Cerastium fontanum ssp. fontanum – native Cerastium regelii – native Honckenya peploides ssp. diffusa – native Lychnis alpina ssp. americana – native Minuartia biflora – native Minuartia groenlandica – native Minuartia rossii ssp. rossiii – native Minuartia rubella – native Minuartia stricta – native Sagina cespitosa – native Sagina nivalis – native Sagina nodosa – native Sagina procumbens – native Sagina saginoides – native Silene acaulis – native Silene furcata ssp. angustiflora – native Silene furcata ssp. furcata – native Silene latifolia ssp. alba – introduite Silene sorensenis – native Silene uralensis ssp. uralensis – native Silene vulgaris – introduite Spergula arvensis – introduite Spergularia canadensis – native Stellaria borealis – native Stellaria humifusa – native Stellaria longifolia – native Stellaria longipes – native Stellaria media – introduite
Chenopodiaceae
Atriplex longipes ssp. praecox – native Atriplex patula – introduite Chenopodium album – introduite
Cornaceae
Cornus canadensis – native Cornus suecica – native Cornus × unanaschkensis – native (hybride)
Crassulaceae
Rhodiola rosea ssp. rosea – native Sedum acre – native Sedum annuum – native Sedum villosum – native
Cupressaceae
Juniperus communis ssp. nana – native
Cyperaceae
Carex acuta – native Carex aquatilis ssp. aquatilis – native Carex aquatilis ssp. stans – native Carex arctogena – native Carex atrata – native Carex atrofusca – native Carex bicolor – native Carex bigelowii ssp. bigelowii – native Carex bigelowii ssp. rigida – native Carex boecheriana – native Carex brunnescens ssp. brunnescens – native Carex buxbaumii – native Carex capillaris ssp. fuscidula – native Carex capillaris ssp. chlorostachys – native Carex capitata – native Carex chordorrhiza – native Carex curta – native Carex deflexa – native Carex demissa – native Carex disperma – native Carex fuliginosa ssp. misandra – native Carex glacialis – native Carex glareosa – native Carex gynocrates – native Carex holostoma – native Carex krausei ssp. porsildiana – native Carex lachenalii – native Carex lidii – native Carex lyngbyei ssp. lyngbyei – native Carex mackenziei – native Carex macloviana – native Carex magellanica ssp. irrigua – native Carex marina ssp. marina – native Carex marina ssp. pseudolagopina – native Carex maritima – native Carex microglochin – native Carex nardina ssp. hepburnii – native Carex nigra ssp. nigra – native Carex norvegica – native Carex panicea – native Carex parallela ssp. parallela – native Carex praticola – native Carex quasivaginata – native Carex rariflora – native Carex rostrata – native Carex rufina – native Carex rupestris – native Carex salina – native Carex miliaris – native Carex scirpoidea – native Carex stylosa – native Carex subspathacea ssp. subspathacea – native Carex supina ssp. spaniocarpa – native Carex trisperma – native Carex umbellata – native Carex ursina – native Eleocharis acicularis ssp. acicularis – native Eleocharis palustris – native Eleocharis quinqueflora ssp. fernaldii – native Eleocharis uniglumis – native Eriophorum angustifolium – native Eriophorum callitrix – native Eriophorum scheuchzeri – native Eriophorum × sorenseni – native Eriophorum triste – native Eriophorum vaginatum ssp. spissum – native Kobresia myosuroides – native Kobresia simpliciuscula ssp. subholarctica – native Trichophorum cespitosum – native
Diapensiaceae
Diapensia lapponica ssp. lapponica – native
Droseraceae
Drosera rotundifolia – native
Dryopteridaceae
Dryopteris expansa – native Dryopteris filix-mas – native Dryopteris fragrans – native Dryopteris marginalis – native Polystichum lonchitis – native
Empetraceae
Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum – native
Equisetaceae
Equisetum arvense ssp. arvense – native Equisetum arvense ssp. boreale – native Equisetum hyemale – native Equisetum scirpoides – native Equisetum sylvaticum – native Equisetum variegatum ssp. variegatum – native
Ericaceae
Andromeda polifolia ssp. glaucophylla – native Andromeda polifolia ssp. polifolia – native Arctostaphylos alpinus – native Arctostaphylos uva-ursi – native Cassiope tetragona – native Harrimanella hypnoides – native Ledum groenlandicum – native Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens – native Loiseleuria procumbens – native Orthilia obtusata – native Phyllodoce caerulea – native Pyrola grandiflora – native Pyrola minor – native Rhododendron lapponicum – native Vaccinium myrtillus – native Vaccinium oxycoccus ssp. microphyllus – native Vaccinium uliginosum ssp. microphyllum – native Vaccinium vitis-idaea ssp. minus – native ×Ledodendron vanhoeffeni – native, endemic (intergeneric hybrid)
Fabaceae
Astragalus alpinus ssp. arcticus – probablement introduite Lathyrus japonicus – native Lathyrus pratensis – introduite Medicago lupulina – introduite Trifolium hybridum – spontanée Trifolium pratense – introduite Trifolium repens – introduite Vicia cracca – introduite (Vikings) Vicia hirsuta – introduite Vicia sativa ssp. nigra – introduite Vicia sepium – introduite
Gentianaceae
Gentiana nivalis – native Gentianella amarella ssp. acuta – native Gentianella aurea – native Gentianella detonsa – native Gentianella tenella – native Lomatogonium rotatum – native
Geraniaceae
Erodium cicutarium – introduite Geranium pusillum – introduite Geranium sylvaticum – native
Haloragaceae
Myriophyllum alterniflorum – native Myriophyllum sibiricum – (Haloragaceae) - native
Hippuridaceae
Hippuris vulgaris – native
Iridaceae
Sisyrinchium montanum – native
Isoetaceae
Isoetes echinospora ssp. muricata – native Isoetes lacustris – native
Juncaceae
Juncus alpinoarticulatus ssp. alpestris – native Juncus arcticus ssp. arcticus – native Juncus biglumis – native Juncus bufonius ssp. bufonius – introduite Juncus bufonius ssp. ranarius – native Juncus castaneus ssp. castaneus – native Juncus filiformis – native Juncus gerardii ssp. gerardii – native Juncus squarrosus – native Juncus subtilis – native Juncus trifidus – native Juncus triglumis ssp. albescens – native Juncus triglumis ssp. triglumis – native Luzula arctica – native Luzula arcuata – native Luzula confusa – native Luzula groenlandica – native Luzula multiflora ssp. frigida – native Luzula multiflora ssp. multiflora – native Luzula parviflora ssp. parviflora – native Luzula spicata – native Luzula wahlenbergii – native
Juncaginaceae
Triglochin palustris – native