Les transporteurs de solutés (ou SLC pour ) sont une superfamille de transporteurs membranaires. Ils fonctionnent principalement comme des transporteurs actifs secondaires ou facilités. Plus de 400 ont été identifiés et regroupés dans plusieurs dizaines de familles.
Ces transporteurs sont vitaux pour le corps humain en permettant le maintien de l'homéostase humaine. Ils contrôlent l'absorption cellulaire et la distribution de nutriments, métabolites, ions, neurotransmetteurs et produits pharmaceutiques.
Des cancers, troubles du système nerveux et maladies métaboliques sont associés au dysfonctionnement de ces transporteurs.
Liste +Liste de transporteurs de solutés identifiésFamilleGènesProtéines#NomSLC1Transporteur de l'acide glutamiqueSLC1A1, SLC1A2, SLC1A3, SLC1A4, SLC1A5, SLC1A6, SLC1A7, , , , , EAAT5SLC2Transporteur de glucoseSLC2A1, SLC2A2, SLC2A3, SLC2A4, SLC2A5, SLC2A6, SLC2A7, SLC2A8, SLC2A9, SLC2A10, SLC2A11, SLC2A12, SLC2A13, SLC2A14GLUT1, GLUT2, GLUT3, GLUT4, GLUT5, GLUT6, GLUT7, GLUT8, GLUT9, GLUT10, GLUT11, GLUT12SLC3Sous-unités lourdes de SLC3A1, SLC3A2CSNU1, MDU1SLC4SLC4A1, SLC4A2, SLC4A3, SLC4A4, SLC4A5, SLC4A6, SLC4A7, SLC4A8, SLC4A9, SLC4A10, SLC4A11SLC5Transporteur sodium-glucoseSLC5A1, SLC5A2, SLC5A3, SLC5A4, SLC5A5, SLC5A6, SLC5A7, SLC5A8, SLC5A9, SLC5A10, SLC5A11, SLC5A12Cotransporteur sodium-glucose 1, SGLT2, , SAAT1, TDH1, , , , SMCT2SLC6Sodium- and chloride-dependent sodium:neurotransmitter symportersSLC6A1, SLC6A2, SLC6A3, SLC6A4, SLC6A5, SLC6A6, SLC6A7, SLC6A8, SLC6A9, SLC6A10, SLC6A11, SLC6A12, SLC6A13, SLC6A14, SLC6A15, SLC6A16, SLC6A17, SLC6A18, SLC6A19, SLC6A20GAT1, NET, , Transporteur de la sérotonineSLC7Transporteur cationique d'acides aminés / associé à une glycoprotéineSLC7A1, SLC7A2, SLC7A3, SLC7A4, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, SLC7A7, SLC7A8, SLC7A9, SLC7A10, SLC7A11, SLC7A12, SLC7A13, SLC7A14, , , , , , Transporteur d'acides aminés Y+L 1, , , , Cystine/glutamate transporterSLC8Échangeur sodium-calciumSLC8A1, SLC8A2, SLC8A3SLC9Échangeur sodium-hydrogèneSLC9A1, SLC9A2, SLC9A3, SLC9A4, SLC9A5, SLC9A6, SLC9A7, SLC9A8, SLC9A9, SLC9B1, SLC9B2, SLC9C1, SLC9C2Échangeur sodium-hydrogène 1, , Échangeur sodium-hydrogène 3, , , , Échangeur sodium-hydrogène 7, SLC10Sodium bile salt cotransportSLC10A1, SLC10A2, SLC10A3, SLC10A4, SLC10A5, SLC10A6, SLC10A7Sodium/bile acid cotransporter, Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporterSLC11Proton coupled metal ion transporterSLC11A1, SLC11A2NRAMP1, NRAMP2SLC12Electroneutral cation-Cl cotransporterSLC12A1, SLC12A2, SLC12A3, SLC12A4, SLC12A5, SLC12A6, SLC12A7, SLC12A8, SLC12A9, NCCT, KCC1SLC13SLC13A1, SLC13A2, SLC13A3, SLC13A4, SLC13A5SLC14SLC14A1, SLC14A2Transporteur d'urée 1, Transporteur d'urée 2SLC15Proton oligopeptide cotransporterSLC15A1, SLC15A2, SLC15A3, SLC15A4SLC16Transporteur d'acide monocarboxyliqueSLC16A1, SLC16A2, SLC16A3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A6, SLC16A7, SLC16A8, SLC16A9, SLC16A10, SLC16A11, SLC16A12, SLC16A13, SLC16A14SLC17Vesicular glutamate transporterSLC17A1, SLC17A2, SLC17A3, SLC17A4, SLC17A5, SLC17A6, SLC17A7, SLC17A8, SLC17A9SLC18SLC18A1, SLC18A2, SLC18A3, SLC18B1Vesicular monoamine transporter 1SLC19Folate/thiamine transporterSLC19A1, SLC19A2, SLC19A3SLC20SLC20A1, SLC20A2SLC22Transporteur de cations organiquesSLC22A1, SLC22A2, SLC22A3, SLC22A4, SLC22A5, SLC22A6, SLC22A7, SLC22A8, SLC22A9, SLC22A10, SLC22A11, SLC22A12, SLC22A13, SLC22A14, SLC22A15, SLC22A16, SLC22A17, SLC22A18, SLC22A20, SLC22A21, SLC22A22, SLC22A23, SLC22A24, SLC22A25, SLC22A31, MFSD10, SV2A, SV2B, SV2C, SVOP, SVOPLSLC23Na+-dependent ascorbic acid transporterSLC23A1, SLC23A2, SLC23A3, SLC23A4SLC24SLC24A1, SLC24A2, SLC24A3, SLC24A4, SLC24A5SLC25SLC25A1, SLC25A2, SLC25A3, SLC25A4, SLC25A5, SLC25A6, UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, SLC25A10, SLC25A11, SLC25A12, SLC25A13, SLC25A14, SLC25A15, SLC25A16, SLC25A17, SLC25A18, SLC25A19, SLC25A20, SLC25A21, SLC25A22, SLC25A23, SLC25A24, SLC25A25, SLC25A26, SLC25A27, SLC25A28, SLC25A29, SLC25A30, SLC25A31, SLC25A32, SLC25A33, SLC25A34, SLC25A35, SLC25A36, SLC25A37, SLC25A38, SLC25A39, SLC25A40, SLC25A41, SLC25A42, SLC25A43, SLC25A44, SLC25A45, SLC25A46, SLC25A47, SLC25A48, MTCH1, MTCH2, SLC25A51, SLC25A52, SLC25A53, , , , , , , , , , SLC26Échangeur d'anions multifonctionnelSLC26A1, SLC26A2, SLC26A3, SLC26A4, SLC26A5, SLC26A6, SLC26A7, SLC26A8, SLC26A9, SLC26A10, SLC26A11Transporteur de sulfate, , Pendrine, PrestineSLC27SLC27A1, SLC27A2, SLC27A3, SLC27A4, SLC27A5, SLC27A6FATP1SLC28Na+-coupled nucleoside transportSLC28A1, SLC28A2, SLC28A3CNT1SLC29Transporteur facilitateur de nucléosidesSLC29A1, SLC29A2, SLC29A3, SLC29A4ENT1, ENT2, Transporteur de monoamines de la membrane plasmiqueSLC30SLC30A1, SLC30A2, SLC30A3, SLC30A4, SLC30A5, SLC30A6, SLC30A7, SLC30A8, SLC30A9, SLC30A10SLC31Transporteur de cuivreSLC31A1, SLC31A2CTR1, Protéine 2 putative impliquée dans l'absorption du cuivre à faible affinitéSLC32Transporteur vésiculaire inhibiteur d'acides aminésSLC32A1SLC33Transporteur d'acétyl-coenzyme ASLC33A1, MFSD3Transporteur 1 de l'acétyl-coenzyme ASLC34Type II Na+-phosphate cotransporterSLC34A1, SLC34A2, SLC34A3SLC35Nucleotide-sugar transporterSLC35A1, SLC35A2, SLC35A3, SLC35A4, SLC35A5, SLC35B1, SLC35B2, SLC35B3, SLC35B4, SLC35C1, SLC35C2, SLC35D1, SLC35D2, SLC35D3, SLC35E1, SLC35E2, SLC35E3, SLC35E4, SLC35F1, SLC35F2, SLC35F3, SLC35F4, SLC35F5, SLC35F6, SLC35G1, SLC35G2, SLC35G3, SLC35G4, SLC35G5, SLC35G6, TMEM241SLC36SLC36A1, SLC36A2, SLC36A3, SLC36A4PAT1, PAT2SLC37Sugar-phosphate/phosphate exchangerSLC37A1, SLC37A2, SLC37A3, SLC37A4SLC38System A & N, sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporterSLC38A1, SLC38A2, SLC38A3, SLC38A4, SLC38A5, SLC38A6, SLC38A7, SLC38A8, SLC38A9, SLC38A10SLC39SLC39A1, SLC39A2, SLC39A3, SLC39A4, SLC39A5, SLC39A6, SLC39A7, SLC39A8, SLC39A9, SLC39A10, SLC39A11, SLC39A12, SLC39A13, SLC39A14ZIP1, , , , ZIP5, ZIP6, , , , , , ZIP12, ZIP13, ZIP14SLC40Basolateral iron transporterSLC40A1FerroportineSLC41SLC41A1, SLC41A2, SLC41A3SLC42RhAG, RhBG, RhCGSLC43Na+-independent, system-L like amino acid transporterSLC43A1, SLC43A2, SLC43A3SLC44Choline-like transporterSLC44A1, SLC44A2, SLC44A3, SLC44A4, SLC44A5SLC45Putative sugar transporterSLC45A1, SLC45A2, SLC45A3, SLC45A4SLC46Transporteur de folatesSLC46A1, SLC46A2, SLC46A3SLC47SLC47A1, SLC47A2MATE1, MATE2SLC48Heme transporter familySLC48A1SLC49Transporteur d'hèmeFLVCR2, SLC49A3, SLC49A4SLC50SLC50A1SWEET1SLC51SLC51A, SLC51BOSTalpha, OSTbetaSLC52Riboflavin transporter family RFVT/SLC52SLC52A1, SLC52A2, SLC52A3SLC53Phosphate carriersXPR1Xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1SLC54Mitochondrial pyruvate carriersMPC1, MPC2, MPC1L, SLC55LETM1, LETM2, LETM3SLC56SidéroflexineSFXN1, SFXN2, SFXN3, SFXN4, SFXN5SLC57NiPA-like magnesium transporter familyNIPA1, NIPA2, NIPAL1, NIPAL2, NIPAL3, NIPAL4SLC58MagT-like magnesium transporter familyMAGT1, TUSC3SLC59Sodium-dependent lysophosphatidylcholine symporter familyMFSD2A, MFSD2BSLC60Glucose transportersMFSD4A, MFSD4BSLC61Molybdate transporter familyMFSD5SLC62Transporteurs de pyrophosphateANKHSLC63Sphingosine-phosphate transportersSPNS1, SPNS2, SPNS3SLC64Golgi Ca2+/H+ exchangersTMEM165SLC65NPC-type cholesterol transportersNPC1, NPC1L1NPC1L1SLC66CTNS, MPDU1SLC67SLC67A1, SLC67A2SLC68SLC68A1, SLC68A2PSLC69STRA8SLC70CNNM1, CNNM2, CNNM3, CNNM4SLC71SLC71A1, SLC71A2, SLC71A3PSLC72MFSD1SLC73MFSD6, MFSD6LSLC74MFSD8SLC75SLC75A1SLC76RFT1SLCOSLCO1B1, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B7, SLCO1C1, SLCO2B1, SLCO4C1SLCO1SLCO1A2SLCO2SLCO2A1SLCO3SLCO3A1SLCO4SLCO4A1SLCO5SLCO5A1
Notes et références