ウツボ属（ウツボぞく、学名：Gymnothorax）は、ウツボ科の下位分類群の1つ。太平洋、インド洋、大西洋に約120種が分布し、ウツボ科の中で最大の属である。本属は多系統群であり、複数の属に分割させるための研究が必要とされている。
概要 ほとんどのウナギ目魚類と同様に、体は細長い。 は最も細長い。大型の種では全長1.8-2.4mに達する。小型種は大きくても20cm程度にしかならない。大半の種は複雑な模様を持つが、模様が無く地味な種もいる。一般的には浅瀬に生息するが、多くの種は深場でも一般的である。他のウツボ科魚類と同様に、咽頭顎を持つ。
下位分類 分類はFishBaseとWorld Register of Marine Speciesを参考。
Bloch, 1795 (Dark moray) (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) ヘリシロウツボ (White-margin moray)
(M. C. W. Weber & de Beaufort, 1916) (Narrow-tail moray) (Hildebrand & F. O. Barton, 1949) Whitley, 1937 (Lord Howe Island moray) D. G. Smith & E. B. Böhlke, 1997 (Ringed moray) D. G. Smith, Bogorodsky, Dandar & Zajonz, 2024 (Pietschmann, 1935) (Atoll moray) Nashad, Mohapatra, Varghese & Bineesh, 2020 (Goldenhead moray) Lavenberg, 1992 (South Pacific moray) E. B. Böhlke & McCosker, 2001 (Southern moray) E. B. Böhlke & Brito, 1987 (Canary moray) D. G. Smith, Brokovich & Einbinder, 2008 J. E. Randall & McCosker, 1975 (Deep-dwelling moray) Snyder, 1904 ハワイウツボ (Y-patterned moray) McCosker & J. E. Randall, 1977 ハチモンジウツボ (Black-cheek moray) (Bleeker, 1857) サンゴウツボ (Vagrant moray) (D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1883) (Panamic green moray) E. B. Böhlke & J. E. Randall, 1999 (Castle's moray) E. B. Böhlke & McCosker, 2001 (Head-spot moray) Bleeker, 1864 ミナミウツボ (Lip-spot moray) Snyder, 1908 クルマウツボ (Banded mud moray) (Kaup, 1856) ハナビラウツボ (Plain moray) Poey, 1867 セオビウツボ (Saddled moray) Whitley, 1932 (Sieve-patterned moray) McCosker & J. E. Randall, 2008 (Flores mud moray) Seale, 1917 (Günther, 1870) (Fine-spotted moray)
Bliss, 1883 オキナワノコギリウツボ (Elegant moray) Prokofiev, 2010 McCosker & J. E. Randall, 1982 シマウツボ (Enigmatic moray) (Hildebrand, 1946) (Spot-tail moray) (C. C. Abbott, 1860) (Abbott's moray) E. B. Böhlke, 2001 Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801 (Laced moray) (E. T. Bennett, 1832) ヘリゴイシウツボ (Fimbriated moray) (Rüppell, 1830) ゴマウツボ (Yellow-edged moray) (E. B. Böhlke & J. E. Randall, 1996) (Pale-nose moray) Bleeker, 1864 Ranzani, 1839 (Green moray) (L. P. Schultz, 1953) スズランヒメウツボ (Brown-spotted moray) O. P. Jenkins, 1903 (Slender-tail moray) (Lacépède, 1803) (Geometric moray) Heemstra, 2004 (Rüppell, 1830) (Liver-colored moray) Beebe & Tee-Van, 1933 (Herre's moray) J. E. Böhlke & E. B. Böhlke, 1977 (Lichen moray) Mohapatra, D. Ray, D. G. Smith & Mishra, 2016 (Indian unpatterened moray) (Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1979) ミナミミゾレウツボ (White-tip moray) (J. Richardson, 1845) ニセゴイシウツボ (Indo-Pacific spotted moray) (Bleeker, 1859) ドクウツボ (Giant moray) (J. L. B. Smith, 1962) (White-spotted moray) (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) ウツボ (Kidako moray) J. E. Böhlke & E. B. Böhlke, 1980 (Black-tail moray) E. B. Böhlke, 2000 (Short-tooth moray) (Whitley, 1948) (J. Y. Johnson, 1862) (Shark-tooth moray) Poll, 1953 (Spot-jaw moray) Bleeker, 1864 シンジュウツボ (Blotch-necked moray) (L. P. Schultz, 1953) (Marshall Islands moray) D. G. Smith & E. B. Böhlke, 1997 E. B. Böhlke & J. E. Randall, 1995 (Oman moray) K. H. Loh, K. T. Shao & H. M. Chen, 2011 (Black-body moray) L. P. Schultz, 1953 ヒメウツボ (Dwarf moray) (G. Shaw, 1795) ワカウツボ (Turkey moray) (Günther, 1870) E. B. Böhlke, 2000 (Small-spot moray) (Kaup, 1856) (Golden-tail moray) (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) アミウツボ D. Ray, Mohapatra & D. G. Smith, 2015 (Bengal moray) (Bleeker, 1864) (Moluccan moray) (Bleeker, 1856) ヤミウツボ (Drab moray) (Regan, 1909) (One-spot moray) (Ayres, 1859) (California moray) (G. Cuvier, 1829) (Spotted moray) Snyder, 1904 タカノハウツボ F. de Buen, 1961 (Easter Island moray) S. Tanaka (I), 1911 ミゾレウツボ (Girard, 1858) (Black-edge moray) H. M. Chen, K. T. Shao & C. T. Chen, 1996 ワタユキウツボ (Snowflake-patched moray) (J. Richardson, 1848) (Grey moray) (Günther, 1867) アデウツボ (Yellow-mouth moray) Snyder, 1904 (Nutting's moray) (Whitley, 1932) (Griffin's moray) Agassiz, 1831 フブキウツボ (Caribbean ocellated moray) Mohapatra, Mohanty, Smith, Mishra, and Roy, 2018 (Steindachner, 1876) (Masked moray) Collette, D. G. Smith & E. B. Böhlke, 1991 W. A. Bussing, 1998 D. G. Smith, S. V. Bogordosky, A. O. Mal, and T. J. Alpermann, 2019 (Pharaoh's moray) (J. L. B. Smith], 1962) シノビウツボ (Ghost moray) D. S. Jordan & Seale, 1907 (Philippines moray) (J. N. Ahl, 1789) アセウツボ (Paint-spotted moray) Bliss, 1883 (Pike's moray) J. L. B. Smith, 1962 ノコギリウツボ (Pinda moray) Chen & Huang, 2022 Poey, 1875 (Polygon moray) E. B. Böhlke & J. E. Randall, 2000 (Bleeker, 1854) コクハンカワウツボ (Freshwater moray) (Guichenot, 1848) (Low-fin moray) (J. Richardson, 1848) (Yellow moray) J. D. Ogilby, 1895 ユリウツボ (Australian mottled moray) E. B. Böhlke & J. E. Randall, 2000 K. Sasaki & Amaoka, 1991 E. B. Böhlke, 2000 ハナジロウツボ (False brown moray) Huang, Loh & Liao, 2021 K. H. Loh, K. T. Shao & H. M. Chen, 2015 (False black-body moray) チャイロウツボ (Short-tail Brown moray) (Bleeker, 1853) アミメウツボ (High-fin moray) Mohapatra, Smith, Ray, Mishra & Mohanty, 2017 (Bengal low-fin moray) Bleeker, 1863 アケボノウツボ (Bars'n-spots moray) Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801 (Red Sea white-spotted moray) D. G. Smith & E. B. Böhlke, 1997 (Randall's moray) (J. Richardson, 1845) マメウツボ (Reeve's moray) Bloch, 1795 (Bleeker, 1852) モバウツボ (Richardson's moray) E. B. Böhlke, 1997 (Robins' moray) (McClelland, 1844) クラカケウツボ (Banded moray) Hatooka, 2003 リュウキュウウツボ (Richardson, 1848) E. B. Böhlke, 1997 クロエリウツボ D. S. Jordan & B. M. Davis, 1891 (Ocellated moray) (Hildebrand & F. O. Barton, 1949) H. M. Chen & K. H. Loh, 2007 タピオカウツボ Kotthaus, 1968 D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1903 (Steindachner's moray) H. M. Chen, K. H. Loh & K. T. Shao, 2008 タンカンウツボSorari Aiba, Wen-Chien Huang, Yusuke Hibino, Kohei Yasuda & Hiromitsu Endo, “First Record of the Taiwanese Moray Eel Gymnothorax taiwanensis (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from Japan,” Species Diversity, Volume 31, Issue 2, Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology, 2026, Pages 245-251. (Taiwanese moray) Kodeeswaran, Kantharajan, Mohapatra, Kumar & Sarkar 2023 (J. Richardson, 1845) サビウツボ (Grey-face moray) (F. Hamilton, 1822) (Indian mud moray) (Lacépède, 1803) ナミウツボ (Undulated moray) (Delaroche, 1809) (Brown moray) (Seale, 1917) (D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1883) (White-edged moray) (Castelnau, 1855) (Purple-mouth moray) (Vietnamese moray) Mohapatra, Smith, Mohanty, Mishra & Tudu, 2017 Prokofiev, 2009 McCulloch, 1912 Hatooka & J. E. Randall, 1992 オキノシマウツボ (Y-bar moray) Seale, 1906 ヒレオビウツボ (Barred-fin moray)
出典
関連項目 海水魚 魚の一覧