O Oscar de melhor fotografia (no Brasil) ou Óscar de melhor cinematografia (em Portugal) (no original em inglês Academy Award for Best Cinematography) é um prêmio oferecido pela Academia de Artes e Ciências Cinematográficas desde 1929 que distingue a melhor Direção de Fotografia. A partir de 1940, passaram a ser oferecidos prêmios separados para fotografia em preto e branco e fotografia colorida. Em 1958 foi entregue apenas um prêmio e, a partir de 1967, passou a ser oferecido um prêmio apenas novamente.
Em 1933 não houve cerimônia de entrega dos prêmios Oscar, que foram entregues duas vezes em 1930 (em abril, referente aos filmes produzidos entre 2 de agosto de 1928 e 31 de julho de 1929, e em novembro, referente aos filmes produzidos entre 1º de agosto de 1929 e 31 de julho de 1930); em 1931 (em novembro, referente aos filmes produzidos entre 1º de agosto de 1930 e 31 de julho de 1931); em 1932 (em novembro, referente aos filmes produzidos entre 1º de agosto de 1931 e 31 de julho de 1932); e em 1934 (em março, referente aos filmes produzidos entre 1º de agosto de 1932 e 31 de dezembro de 1933).
Vencedores e indicados Década de 1920 1929: Charles Rosher e Karl Struss – Sunrise George Barnes – The Devil Dancer George Barnes – The Magic Flame George Barnes – Sadie Thompson
Década de 1930
1930: Clyde DeVinna – White Shadows in the South Seas John F. Seitz – The Divine Lady Ernest Palmer – 4 Devils Arthur Edeson – In Old Arizona Geroge Barnes – Our Dancing Daughters Ernest Palmer – Street Angel 1930: Joseph T. Rucker e Willard Van der Veer – With Byrd at the South Pole Arthur Edeson – All Quiet on the Western Front William H. Daniels – Anna Christie Tony Gaudio e Harry Perry – Hell's Angels Victor Milner – The Love Parade 1931: Floyd Crosb – Tabu: A Story of the South Seas Edward Cronjager – Cimarron Lee Garmes – Marrocos Charles Lang – The Right to Love Barney McGill – Svengali 1932: Lee Garmes – Shanghai Express Ray June – Arrowsmith Karl Struss – Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde 1934: Charles Lang – A Farewell to Arms George J. Folsey – Reunion in Vienna Karl Struss – The Sign of the Cross 1935: Victor Milner – Cleopatra Charles Rosher – The Affairs of Cellini George J. Folsey – Operator 13
1936: Hal Mohr – A Midsummer Night's Dream Ray June – Barbary Coast Victor Milner – The Crusades Gregg Toland – Les Misérables 1937: Gaetano Gaudio – Anthony Adverse Victor Milner – The General Died at Dawn George J. Folsey – The Gorgeous Hussy (Prêmio Especial entregue para W. Howard Greene e Harold Rosson pela fotografia colorida de The Garden of Allah)
1938: Karl Freund – The Good Earth Gregg Toland – Dead End Joseph A. Valentine – Wings over Honolulu (Após uma recomendação do comitê dos diretores de fotografia, um Prêmio Especial foi entregue para W. Howard Greene pela fotografia colorida de A Star Is Born)
1939: Joseph Ruttenberg – The Great Waltz James Wong Howe – Algiers Ernesy Miller e Harry J. Wild – Army Girl Victor Milner – The Buccaneer Ernesy Haller – Jezebel Joseph A. Valentine – Mad About Music Norbert Brodine – Merrily We Live J. Peverell Marley – Suez Robert De Grasse – Vivacious Lady Joseph Walker – You Can't Take It With You Leon Shamroy – The Young in Heart (Prêmio Especial entregue a Oliver Marsh e Allen Davey pela fotografia colorida de Sweethearts)
Década de 1940
1940 (Preto e Branco): Gregg Toland – Wuthering Heights Joseph A. Valentine – First Love Victor Milner – The Great Victor Herbert Joseph H. August – Gunga Din Gregg Toland – Intermezzo Tony Gaudio – Juarez Norbert Brodine – Lady of the Tropics Joseph Walker – Only Angels Have Wings Bert Glennon – Stagecoach Arthur C. Miller – The Rains Came 1940 (Cor): Ernest Haller e Ray Rennahan – Gone with the Wind Ray Rennahan e Bert Glennon – Drums Along the Mohawk Georges Périnal e Osmond Borradaile – The Four Feathers William V. Skall – The Mikado Sol Polito e W. Howard Greene – The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex Harold Rosson – The Wizard of Oz 1941 (Preto e Branco): George Barnes – Rebecca James Wong Howe – Abe Lincoln in Illinois Ernest Haller – All This, and Heaven Too Charles Lang – Arise, My Love Harold Rosson – Boom Town Rudolph Maté – Foreign Correspondent Tony Gaudio – The Letter Gregg Toland – The Long Voyage Home Joseph A. Valentine – Spring Parade Tony Gaudio – Waterloo Bridge 1941 (Cor): Georges Périnal – The Thief of Bagdad Oliver T. Marsh e Allen M. Davey – Bitter Sweet Arthur C. Miller e Ray Rennahan – The Blue Bird Leon Shamroy e Ray Rennahan – Down Argentine Way Victor Milner e W. Howard Greene – North West Mounted Police Sidney Wagner e William V. Skall – Northwest Passage 1942 (Preto e Branco): Arthur C. Miller – How Green Was My Valley Karl Freund – The Chocolate Soldier Gregg Toland – Citizen Kane Joseph Ruttenberg – Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Joseph Walker – Here Comes Mr. Jordan Leo Tover – Hold Back the Dawn Sol Polito – Sergeant York Edward Cronjager – Sun Valley Serenade Charles Lang – Sundown Rudolph Maté – That Hamilton Woman! 1942 (Cor): Ernest Palmer e Ray Rennahan – Blood and Sand Wilfred M. Cline, Karl Struss e William E. Snyder – Aloma of the South Seas William V. Skall e Leonard Smith – Billy the Kid Karl Freund e W. Howard Greene – Blossoms in the Dust Bert Glennon – Dive Bomber Harry Hallenberger e Ray Rennahan – Louisiana Purchase 1943 (Preto e Branco): Joseph Ruttenberg – Mrs. Miniver James Wong Howe – Kings Row Stanley Cortez – The Magnificent Ambersons Charles G. Clarke – Moontide Edward Cronjager – The Pied Piper Rudolph Maté – The Pride of the Yankees John J. Mescall – Take a Letter, Darling Ted Tetzlaff – The Talk of the Town Leon Shamroy – Ten Gentlemen from West Point Arthur C. Miller – This Above All 1943 (Cor): Leon Shamroy – The Black Swan Milton R. Krasner, William V. Skall e W. Howard Greene – Arabian Nights Sol Polito – Captains of the Clouds W. Howard Greene – Jungle Book Victor Milner e William V. Skall – Reap the Wild Wind Edward Cronjager e William V. Skall – To the Shores of Tripoli
1944 (Preto e Branco): Arthur C. Miller – The Song of Bernadette James Wong Howe, Elmer Dyer e Charles A. Marshall – Air Force Arthur Edeson – Casablanca Tony Gaudio – Corvette K-225 John F. Seitz – Five Graves to Cairo Harry Stradling – The Human Comedy Joseph Ruttenberg – Madame Curie James Wong Howe – The North Star Rudolph Maté – Sahara Charles Lang – So Proudly We Hail! 1944 (Cor): Hal Mohr e W. Howard Greene – Phantom of the Opera Ray Rennahan – For Whom the Bell Tolls Edward Cronjager – Heaven Can Wait Charles G. Clarke e Allen M. Davey – Hello, Frisco, Hello Leonard Smith – Lassie Come Home George J. Folsey – Thousands Cheer 1945 (Preto e Branco): Joseph LaShelle – Laura John F. Seitz – Double Indemnity Sidney Wagner – Dragon Seed Joseph Ruttenberg – Gaslight Lionel Lindon – Going My Way Glen MacWilliams – Lifeboat Stanley Cortez e Lee Garmes – Since You Went Away Robert Surtees e Harold Rosson – Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo Charles Lang – The Uninvited George J. Folsey – The White Cliffs of Dover 1945 (Cor): Leon Shamroy – Wilson Rudolph Maté e Allen M. Davey – Cover Girl Edward Cronjager – Home in Indiana Charles Rosher – Kismet Ray Rennahan – Lady in the Dark George J. Folsey – Meet Me in St. Louis 1946 (Preto e Branco): Harry Stradling – The Picture of Dorian Gray Arthur C. Miller – The Keys of the Kingdom John F. Seitz – The Lost Weekend Ernest Haller – Mildred Pierce George Barnes – Spellbound 1946 (Cor): Leon Shamroy – Leave Her to Heaven Robert H. Planck e Charles P. Boyle – Anchors Aweigh Leonard Smith – National Velvet Tony Gaudio e Allen M. Davey – A Song to Remember George Barnes – The Spanish Main 1947 (Preto e Branco): Arthur C. Miller – Anna and the King of Siam George J. Folsey – The Green Years 1947 (Cor): Charles Rosher, Leonard Smith e Arthur Arling – The Yearling Joseph Walker – The Jolson Story 1948 (Preto e Branco): Guy Green – Great Expectations George J. Folsey – Green Dolphin Street Charles Lang – The Ghost and Mrs. Muir 1948 (Cor): Jack Cardiff – Black Narcissus J. Peverell Marley e William V. Skall – Life with Father Harry Jackson – Mother Wore Tights 1949 (Preto e Branco): William H. Daniels – The Naked City Charles Lang – A Foreign Affair Nicholas Musuraca – I Remember Mama Ted D. McCord – Johnny Belinda Joseph H. August – Portrait of Jennie 1949 (Cor): Joseph A. Valentine, William V. Skall e Winton Hoch – Joan of Arc Charles G. Clarke – Green Grass of Wyoming William E. Snyder – The Loves of Carmen Robert H. Planck – The Three Musketeers
Década de 1950
1950 (Preto e Branco): Paul C. Vogel – Battleground Franz Planer – Champion Joseph LaShelle – Come to the Stable Leo Tover – The Heiress Leon Shamroy – Prince of Foxes 1950 (Cor): Winton Hoch – She Wore a Yellow Ribbon Harry Stradling – The Barkleys of Broadway William E. Snyder – Jolson Sings Again Robert H. Planck e Charles Schoenbaum – Little Women Charles G. Clarke – Sand 1951 (Preto e Branco): Robert Krasker – The Third Man Milton R. Krasner – All About Eve Harold Rosson – The Asphalt Jungle Victor Milner – The Furies John F. Seitz – Sunset Boulevard 1951 (Cor): Robert Surtees – King Solomon's Mines Charles Rosher – Annie Get Your Gun Ernest Palmer – Broken Arrow Ernest Haller – The Flame and the Arrow George Barnes – Samson and Delilah 1952 (Preto e Branco): William C. Mellor – A Place in the Sun Franz Planer – Death of a Salesman Norbert Brodine – The Frogmen Robert Burks – Strangers on a Train Harry Stradling – A Streetcar Named Desire 1952 (Cor): Alfred Gilks e John Alton – An American in Paris Leon Shamroy – David and Bathsheba Robert Surtees e Wiiliam V. Skall – Quo Vadis Charles Rosher – Show Boat John F. Seitz e W. Howard Greene – When Worlds Collide 1953 (Preto e Branco): Robert Surtees – The Bad and the Beautiful Russell Harlan – The Big Sky Joseph LaShelle – My Cousin Rachel Virgil Miller – Navajo Charles Lang – Sudden Fear 1953 (Cor): Winton Hoch e Archie Stout – The Quiet Man Harry Stradling – Hans Christian Andersen Freddie Young – Ivanhoe George J. Folsey – Million Dollar Mermaid Leon Shamroy – The Snows of Kilimanjaro 1954 (Preto e Branco): Burnett Guffey – From Here to Eternity Hal Mohr – The Four Poster Joseph Ruttenberg – Julius Caesar Joseph C. Brun – Martin Luther Franz Planer e Henri Alekan – Roman Holiday 1954 (Cor): Loyal Griggs – Shane George J. Folsey – All the Brothers Were Valiant Edward Cronjager – Beneath the 12-Mile Reef Robert H. Plank – Lili Leon Shamroy – The Robe
1955 (Preto e Branco): Boris Kaufman – On the Waterfront John F. Warren – The Country Girl George J. Folsey – Executive Suite John F. Seitz – Rogue Cop Charles Lang – Sabrina 1955 (Cor): Milton R. Krasner – Three Coins in the Fountain Leon Shamroy – The Egyptian Robert Burks – Rear Window George J. Folsey – Seven Brides for Seven Brothers William V. Skall – The Silver Chalice 1956 (Preto e Branco): James Wong Howe – The Rose Tattoo Russell Harlan – Blackboard Jungle Arthur E. Arling – I'll Cry Tomorrow Joseph LaShelle – Marty Charles Lang – Queen Bee 1956 (Cor): Robert Burks – To Catch a Thief Harry Stradling – Guys and Dolls Leon Shamroy – Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing Harold Lipstein – A Man Called Peter Robert Surtees – Oklahoma! 1957 (Preto e Branco): Joseph Ruttenberg – Somebody Up There Likes Me Boris Kaufman – Baby Doll Harold Rosson – The Bad Seed Burnett Guffey – The Harder They Fall Walter Strenge – Stagecoach to Fury 1957 (Cor): Lionel Lindon – Around the World in 80 Days Harry Stradling – The Eddy Duchin Story Leon Shamroy – The King and I Loyal Griggs – The Ten Commandments Jack Cardiff – War and Peace 1958 (Cor): Jack Hildyard – The Bridge on the River Kwai Milton R. Krasner – An Affair to Remember Ray June – Funny Face William C. Mellor – Peyton Place Ellsworth Fredericks – Sayonara 1959 (Preto e Branco): Sam Leavitt – The Defiant Ones Daniel L. Fapp – Desire Under the Elms Lionel Lindon – I Want to Live! Charles Lang – Separate Tables