Industria automobilistică este o gamă largă de companii și organizații implicate în proiectarea, dezvoltarea, producerea și comercializarea autovehiculelor. Este unul din cele mai importante sectoare economice după venit. Industria automobilistică nu include industriile dedicate întreținerii automobilelor după livrarea lor la utilizatorul final, cum ar fi atelierele de reparații auto și stațiile de alimentare cu carburanți.
Producția mondială de autovehicule
Decenii întregi Statele Unite au condus în topul producției mondiale de automobile. În 1929, înainte de Marea depresie, în lume existau 32.028.500 de automobile în uz, iar industria auto din SUA a produs circa 90% din ele. La acel moment SUA avea în medie o mașină la 4,87 persoane."U.S. Makes Ninety Percent of World's Automobiles" Popular Science Monthly, November 1929, p. 84. După cel de-al Doilea Război Mondial, SUA deținea circa 3/4 din producția auto mondială. În 1980 SUA a fost depășită de Japonia, dar a redevenit lider în 1994. În 2006, Japonia a întrecut SUA la limită în producția de automobile și a deținut această poziție până în 2009, când China a urcat în top cu 13,8 milioane de unități. Cu un total 18,4 milioane de unități în 2011, China a produs un număr de automobile mai mult decât dublu în comparație cu SUA care a fost a doua cu 8,7 milioane de unități, în timp ce Japonia s-a clasat pe locul trei cu 8,4 milioane de unități.
După an
După țară
După producător Clasamentul producătorilor după producție, 2012 # Grup Total Mașini LCV HCV Heavy Bus 1Toyota10,104,4248,381,9681,448,107268,3775,972 2GM9,285,4256,608,5672,658,6127,55810,688 3Volkswagen9,254,7428,576,964486,544169,06422,170 4Hyundai7,126,4136,761,074279,57970,29015,470 5Ford5,595,4833,123,3402,394,22177,922 6Nissan4,889,3793,830,9541,022,97435,451 7Honda4,110,8574,078,37632,481 8PSA2,911,7642,554,059357,705 9Suzuki2,893,6022,483,721409,881 10Renault 2,676,2262,302,769373,457 11Chrysler2,371,427656,8921,702,23512,300 12 Daimler AG2,195,1521,455,650257,496450,62231,384 13FIAT2,127,2951,501,979498,98485,51340,819 14 BMW2,065,4772,065,216261 15SAIC1,783,5481,523,398190,84867,8051,497 16 Tata1,241,239744,067314,399165,17117,602 17Mazda1,189,2831,097,66191,622 18Dongfeng Motor1,137,950539,845245,641337,54514,919 19Mitsubishi1,109,731980,001127,4352,295 20Changan1,063,721835,334166,72759,9781,682 21Geely922,906922,906 22Fuji753,320734,95918,361 23BAIC720,82883,033285,081348,6594,055 24FAW706,012480,44352,983168,7933,793 25Great Wall624,426487,704136,722 26Mahindra606,418429,101173,0833,461773 27Isuzu600,47032,309565,6172,544 28Chery563,951550,56513,386 29Avtovaz553,232553,232 30 Brilliance489,770231,527231,86226,381 31JAC476,356200,278114,864145,81115,403 32 BYD455,444455,444 33Chonhqing Lifan272,657183,75024,03564,872 34Volvo234,680224,00010,680 35Proton162,455134,93427,521 36China National Heavy Duty Truck127,7921,224125,792776 37 Paccar125,336125,336 38GAZ125,31988,89921,56114,859 39 Ashok Leyland117,73830,77661,51925,443 40Hunan Jiangnan Automobile Manufacturing Co.117,051117,051 41 GAC Group 114,15787,40825,6111,138 42Shannxi86,2838,04416677,808265 43Porsche86,08386,083 44Soueast (Fujian)85,51581,5124,003 45Navistar83,37172,00511,366 46Xiamen King Long78,22636,45141,775 47UAZ70,43432,46937,965 48Tangjun Ou Ling69,16716,45952,708 49 Hebei Zhongxing63,2214,95558,266 50Sichuan Nanjun 60,74318,29641,602845
OICA defines these entries as follows: Passenger cars are motor vehicles with at least four wheels, used for the transport of passengers, and comprising no more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat. Light commercial vehicles (LCV) are motor vehicles with at least four wheels, used for the carriage of goods. Mass given in tons (metric tons) is used as a limit between light commercial vehicles and heavy trucks. This limit depends on national and professional definitions and varies between 3.5 and 7 tons. Minibuses, derived from light commercial vehicles, are used for the transport of passengers, comprising more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat and having a maximum mass between 3.5 and 7 tons. Heavy trucks (HCV) are vehicles intended for the carriage of goods. Maximum authorised mass is over the limit (ranging from 3.5 to 7 tons) of light commercial vehicles. They include tractor vehicles designed for towing semi-trailers. Buses and coaches are used for the transport of passengers, comprising more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat, and having a maximum mass over the limit (ranging from 3.5 to 7 tones) of light commercial vehicles.
Topul grupurilor de producători auto după volum Tabelul de mai jos prezintă cele mai mari grupuri de producători de autovehicule din lume, împreună cu mărcile produse de fiecare. Tabelul prezintă situația de la finele anului 2011 conform International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA)
Marcă Țara de origine Ownership Piețe de desfacere1. Toyota Motor Corporation ()DaihatsuSubsidiaryEurope, Asia, Africa, and South AmericaHinoSubsidiarySouth East Asia, Japan, North America and South AmericaLexusDivisionSouth East Asia, Japan, Middle East, United States, Canada, Europe, Brazil, Panama, Chile, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, IndiaRanzJoint-ventureChinaScionDivisionUnited States, CanadaToyotaDivisionGlobal, except Iran2. General Motors Company ()BaojunJoint ventureChinaBuickDivisionUnited States, Canada, Mexico, China, Israel CadillacDivisionNorth America, Europe, Middle East, China, Japan, South KoreaChevroletDivisionGlobal, except Australia, New ZealandGMCDivisionNorth America, Middle East(except Israel)Holden SubsidiaryAustralia, New ZealandHSV SubsidiaryAustralia, New ZealandJie FangJoint ventureChinaUzDaewoo Joint ventureCentral Asia, RussiaWulingJoint ventureChina3. Volkswagen Group AG ()AudiSubsidiaryGlobal, except IranBentleySubsidiaryGlobalBugattiSubsidiaryGlobalLamborghiniSubsidiaryGlobalDucatiSubsidiaryGlobalMANSubsidiaryEurope, Asia, Africa, South America, IndiaPorscheSubsidiaryGlobal, except IranScaniaSubsidiaryGlobalSEATSubsidiaryEurope, South America, Africa, Middle East, China, MexicoŠkodaSubsidiaryEurope, Asia, Central America (including Dominican Republic), South America, Northern and western Africa, Australia, New ZealandVolkswagenSubsidiaryGlobalVolkswagen Commercial VehiclesSubsidiaryEurope, Central America, South America, Australia, China4. Hyundai Motor Group ()HyundaiDivisionGlobal, except MexicoKiaSubsidiaryGlobal 5. Ford Motor Company ()FordDivisionGlobalFPVSubsidiaryAustralia, New ZealandLincolnDivisionUnited States, Canada, Mexico, Middle East, Japan, South Korea, ChinaTroller SubsidiarySouth America, Africa6. Nissan ()DatsunDivisionIndonesia, India, Russia, South AfricaInfinitiSubsidiaryGlobal, except Japan, Korea, South America and AfricaNissanDivisionGlobalVenuciaJoint ventureChina7. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles AbarthSubsidiaryGlobal, except IranAlfa RomeoSubsidiaryGlobal, except Iran, China, Taiwan and the PhilippinesChryslerSubsidiaryGlobal, except Europe (excluding UK and Ireland), Africa (excluding South Africa and Egypt), South Asia, South East Asia (excluding the Philippines)DodgeSubsidiaryGlobal, except Europe, Africa(excluding South Africa and Egypt), South Asia, South East Asia (excluding the Philippines)FerrariSubsidiaryGlobal, except Africa(excluding South Africa), Iran, South East AsiaFiat SubsidiaryGlobal, except Africa(excluding South Africa), Iran, South East AsiaFiat Professional SubsidiaryGlobal, except Africa(excluding South Africa), Iran, South East Asia, United States, CanadaJeepSubsidiaryGlobal, except Africa(excluding South Africa and Egypt), South Asia, South East Asia (excluding the Philippines)LanciaSubsidiaryEurope (except UK and Ireland, Cyprus, Denmark, Norway, Iceland & East Europe)MaseratiSubsidiaryGlobalRamSubsidiaryUnited States, Canada, Mexico, Brazil, Middle East, PeruSRTSubsidiaryGlobal, except Africa(excluding South Africa and Egypt), South Asia, South East AsiaZastava TrucksSubsidiaryEuropeTofașJoint VentureEurope8. PSA Peugeot Citroën S.A. ()CitroënSubsidiaryEurope, Central and South America, Northern and Western Africa, South Africa, Madagascar, Australia, New Zealand, Asia (except India, Pakistan and Bangladesh)PeugeotSubsidiaryGlobal, except USA, Canada, India, Pakistan and BangladeshOpelSubsidiaryEurope (except UK), North Africa, South Africa, Middle East, China, Singapore, ChileVauxhallSubsidiaryUnited Kingdom9. Honda Motor Company ()AcuraDivisionUnited States, Canada, Mexico, ChinaEverusJoint ventureChinaHondaDivisionGlobal10. Renault ()DaciaSubsidiaryEurope, Middle East, Northern AfricaRenaultDivisionGlobal, except United States, Canada, Korea, Africa (excluding Northern Africa, Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya and South Africa)Renault SamsungSubsidiarySouth Korea, Chile11. Suzuki Motor Corporation ()SuzukiDivisionGlobal, except USA, Canada and KoreaMaruti SuzukiSubsidiaryIndia, Middle East, South America12. BMW AG ()BMWDivisionGlobalMINIDivisionGlobalRolls-RoyceSubsidiaryGlobal13. Daimler AG ()BharatBenzDivisionIndiaDenzaJoint ventureChinaFreightlinerDivisionNorth America, South Africa, Australia, New ZealandMasterSubsidiaryPakistanMercedes-BenzDivisionGlobalMitsubishi FusoSubsidiaryGlobalSetraDivisionEurope, Asia, USASmartDivisionGlobalThomas BuiltSubsidiaryNorth AmericaWestern StarSubsidiaryNorth America, Australia, New Zealand14. Mazda Motor Corporation ()MazdaDivisionGlobal, except Korea15. Mitsubishi Motors Corporation ()MitsubishiDivisionGlobal, except KoreaRalliartSubsidiaryGlobal, Except Korea16. Dongfeng Motor Corporation ()FengshenDivisionChinaVenuciaJoint ventureChina17. Tata Motors, Ltd ()HispanoSubsidiaryEuropeJaguarSubsidiaryGlobalLand RoverSubsidiaryGlobalTataDivisionIndia, Ghana, Italy, Nepal, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Turkey, Nigeria, AustraliaTata DaewooSubsidiarySouth Korea, Pakistan18. Geely Automobile ()EnglonDivisionChinaEmgrandDivisionChina, United Kingdom, TurkeyGleagleDivisionChinaGeelyDivisionChina, Taiwan, Russia, North Africa, Middle East, South America, South Africa, Australia, TurkeyMapleDivisionChinaVolvo (Cars)SubsidiaryGlobal19. Beijing Automotive Industry Holding Corporation, Ltd ()BAWDivisionChinaFotonSubsidiaryChina, Taiwan, Japan, Australia, South America, India20. Chana Automobile Company, Ltd ()ChanaDivisionChina, Taiwan, South Africa, EuropeHafeiSubsidiaryChinaChangheDivisionChina, VenezuelaTiger TruckSubsidiaryUnited States, Canada21. SAIPA ()Pars KhodroSubsidiaryIranSAIPADivisionIran, SyriaSAIPA DieselSubsidiaryIranZamyadSubsidiaryIran22. Chery Automobile Company, Ltd ()CheryDivisionChina, South East Asia, Russia, South Africa, South America, AustraliaQorosJoint-VentureChina, Europe, IsraelRiichDivisionChinaRelyDivisionChina23. OAO AvtoVAZ ()LadaDivisionEurope (except United Kingdom, Portugal and Malta), Central AsiaVISDivisionRussia24. First Automotive Group Corporation ()BesturnDivisionChinaFreewindSubsidiaryChinaHaimaSubsidiaryChinaHongqiDivisionChinaJiaxingSubsidiaryChinaJie FangJoint ventureChinaVitaSubsidiaryChinaXialiSubsidiaryChina 25. Fuji Heavy Industries, Ltd ()SubaruDivisionGlobal, except Mexico and Korea26. Great Wall Motor Company, Ltd ()Great WallDivisionChina, Taiwan, South Africa, Russia, North Africa, Australia, Europe, Middle East27. Isuzu Motors, Ltd ()IsuzuDivisionGlobal, except Brazil and Korea28. Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Company, Ltd ()JACDivisionChina, Africa, Brazil29. Brilliance China Automotive Holding, Ltd ()BrillianceDivisionChina, North AfricaJinbeiSubsidiaryChina30. SAIC Motor ()BaojunJoint ventureChinaMaxusDivisionChina, Australia, South Africa, United Kingdom, Chile, MalaysiaMG MotorSubsidiaryChina, United Kingdom, South America, AustraliaRoeweDivisionChina, BelarusSoyatDivisionChinaYuejinDivisionChinaWulingJoint ventureChina31. BYD Auto ()BYDDivisionChina, Taiwan, Russia, United States, CanadaDenzaJoint ventureChina