David Francis Marks, född 1945, är en psykolog som arbetar med fyra forskningsområden - hälsopsykologi, kognitiv psykologi, parapsykologi samt IQ-variationer.
Läskunnighet och IQ Marks (2010) publicerade en ny förklaring till varför IQ-resultat systematiskt varierar över tid, folkgrupp och nationalitet. Marks (2010) hypotes går ut på att IQ-skillnader orsakas av skillnader i läskunnighet. Intelligenstester kräver läsförmåga på en nivå som inte är jämnt spridd över alla populationer. I åtta skilda analyser fann man en korrelation mellan IQ och läskunnighet mellan 0,79 och 0,99. Rasskillnader i IQ och Flynneffekten har en liknande förklaring: skillnader i läskunnighet kan orsaka dem båda. Skillnader i IQ mellan raser konvergerar allt eftersom läskunnigheten i båda grupperna blir mer likvärdig. Fenomenet har alltså sin grund i miljö, precis som Flynneffekten.
Referenser
Cui, X., Jeter, C.B., Yang, D., Montague, P.R.,& Eagleman, D.M. (2007). "Vividness of mental imagery: Individual variability can be measured objectively". Vision Research, 47, 474-478. https://web.archive.org/web/20110720060437/http://www.hnl.bcm.tmc.edu/articles/ScienceDirect2007.pdf Francome, C. & Marks, D.F. (1996). Improving the Health of the Nation: The Failure of the Government's Health Reforms. London: Middlesex University Press. Gur, R.C. & Hilgard, E.R. (1975). "Visual imagery and discrimination of differences between altered pictures simultaneously and successively presented". British Journal of Psychology, 66, 341-345. Marks, D.F. (1973). "Visual imagery differences in the recall of pictures". British Journal of Psychology, 64, 17-24. Marks, D.F. (Ed.) (1986). Theories of Image Formation. Bronx, N.Y.: Brandon House. (cloth). Marks, D.F. (1993). The QUIT FOR LIFE Programme: An Easier Way To Quit Smoking and Not Start Again. Leicester: British Psychological Society. Marks, D.F. (1995). "New directions for mental imagery research". Journal of Mental Imagery, 19, 153-167. Marks, D.F. (2000). The Psychology of the Psychic (2nd Ed.). New York: Prometheus Books. Marks, D.F. (2002). The Health Psychology Reader. London: SAGE Publications. Marks, D.F. (2005). Overcoming Your Smoking Habit. London: Robinson. Marks, D.F. (2009). Reussir a surmonter le Reflex cigarette (French edition). Paris: InterEditions-Dunod. Marks, D.F. & Kammann, R. (1980). The Psychology of the Psychic. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books. (cloth) (paper) Marks, D.F., Murray, M., Evans, B. & Willig, C. (2003). Health Psychology: Theory, Research and Practice (Chinese Edition). Taiwan. Marks, D.F., Murray, M., Evans, B., Willig, C., Woodall, C. & Sykes, C. (2005). Health Psychology. Theory, Research & Practice (2nd Ed.). London: SAGE Publications. Marks, D.F., Murray, M., Evans, B., Willig, C., Woodall, C. & Sykes, C.M. (2007). Health Psychology: Theory, Research and Practice (Indian Edition). New Delhi: SAGE Publications. Marks, D.F., Murray, M., Evans, B., Willig, C., Woodall, C. & Sykes, C.M. (2008). Psicologia de la Salud. Mexico: Manual Moderna. David F. Marks, Michael Murray, Brian Evans & Emee Vida Estacio (2011) Health Psychology. Theory-Research-Practice (3rd Ed.) Sage Publications. Marks, D. F. & Sykes, C.M. (2000). Dealing with dementia: Recent European research. London: Middlesex University Press. Marks, D.F. & Yardley, L. (2004). Research Methods for Clinical and Health Psychology. London: SAGE Publications. (pb) Marks, D.F. (2010). "IQ variations across time, race, and nationality: an artifact of differences in literacy skills". Psychological Reports, 106, 643-664. Rodway, P., Gillies, K. & Schepman, A. (2006). "Vivid imagers are better at detecting salient changes". Journal of Individual Differences, 27, 218-228. Sulzberger, P. & Marks, D.F. (1977). The Isis Smoking Cessation Programme. Dunedin, New Zealand:Isis Research Centre. Who's Who (2011). London:A & C Black.
Externa länkar ISCHP2011: 7th Biennial ISCHP Conference, Adelaide (South Australia) Review of The Psychology of the Psychic Review of The Health Psychology Reader PDF of controlled trial of the QUIT FOR LIFE Programme
Kategori:Brittiska psykologer Kategori:Födda 1945 Kategori:Levande personer Kategori:Män