Ceci est une liste incomplète de théologiens musulmans notables.
Théologiens et philosophes traditionnels
Ash'aris et Maturidis
Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari Abu Mansur al-Maturidi Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi Omar Sohrawardi Ibn Hibban Ibn Furak Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi Abu Ishaq al-Isfara'ini Abu al-Walid al-Baji Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi Al-Bayhaqi Al-Baqillani Al-Qushayri Al-Shahrastani Al-Juwayni Ahmad al-Rifa'i Al-Ghazali Al-Baydawi Al-Maziri Ali Qushji Ali al-Qari Al-Sharif al-Jurjani Fakhr al-Din al-Razi Sayf al-Din al-Amidi Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam Taqi al-Din al-Subki Taj al-Din al-Subki Ibrahim al-Dasouki Jalal al-Din al-Dawani Zakariyya al-Ansari Ibn Aqil Ibn al-Jawzi Ibn Khaldun Ibn Tumart Ibn Arafa Ibn Ashir Elîsh Ibn Abi Zayd Qadi Ayyad Ibn Hajar al-Haytami Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi Sa'd al-Din al-Taftazani Najm al-Din al-Qazwini al-Katibi Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati Abu Ali al-Hassan al-Yusi Abdel Qadir al-Jilani Abd al-Rahman al-Thaalbi Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi Al-Maqqari al-Tilmisani Al-Sha'rani Al-Bahūtī Al-Maydani Ad-Desouki Ahmad Sirhindi Ahmad al-Dardir Ibrahim al-Bajuri Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad Shah Waliullah Dehlawi Ahmad Rida Khan Rahmatullah Kairanawi Muhammad Zahid al-Kawthari Muhammad Mayyara Murtada al-Zabidi Muhammad Abu Zahra Yusuf al-Nabhani Muhammad Metwally al-Sha'rawy Ahmed Deedat Abdullah al-Harari Muhammad Said Ramadan al-Bouti Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki Noah Qudah Ali Gomaa
Mu'taziles
Wasil ibn 'Ata' Al-Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar Al-Jubba'i Al-Jahiz Ben Hattab Mahdi Al-Zamakhshari Ibrahim al-Nazzam
Autres
Abu Muslim Al-Dinawari Al-Farabi Sayyid Ali Hamadani Al-Kindi Ibn Hazm Ibn Sina Ibn Taymiya Ibn al-Qayyim
Voir aussi la première philosophie musulmane, la philosophie islamique
Les premiers théologiens et philosophes sunnites
Abu Hanifa Al-Shafi'i Malik ibn Anas Ahmad ibn Hanbal Daoud el-Zahiri Tahawi Junayd de Bagdad Harith al-Muhasibi
Muḥaddithūn
Bukhari Muslim Abu Dawoud Tirmidhi Nasa'i Ibn Majah
Théologiens et philosophes médiévaux
Al-Biruni Al-Battani (Albatenius) Al-Buzjani Al-Farabi (Alpharabius) Al-Farghani Al-Ghazali (Algazenl) Al-Idrisi Al-Zarnuji Al-Khwarizmi (Algoritmi) Al-Kindi (Alkindus) Al-Masu'di Al-Mawardi Ibn al-Baitar Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) Ibn al-Nafis Ibn Khaldun Ibn Rushd (Averroès) Ibn Sina (Avicenne) Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi Omar Khayyám Sayyid Ali Hamadani (prédicateur et voyageur)
Théologiens modernes
Abdolkarim Soroush Abdul Qadeer Khan Ahmed Rida Khan Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri Akhtar Raza Khan Ali Shariati Alija Ali Izetbegovic Bilal Philips Fazlur Rahman Harun Yahya Idries Shah Inayat Khan Ismail Al-Faruqi Israr Ahmed Khaled Abou Al-Fadl Leila Ahmed Mawlana Muhammad Ilyas Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib Muzaffer Ozak Nasiruddin Albani Dit Nursi Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi Shams-ul-haq Azeemabadi Sherman Jackson Seyyed Hossein Nasr Siraj Wahaj Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas Syed Nazeer Husain Ziauddin Sardar
Voir aussi philosophie islamique moderne, islamisation du savoir
Imams chiites
Athnā'ashariyyah - Les douze imams
Ali ibn Abi Talib Hasan ibn Ali Husayn ibn Ali Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin Muhammad al-Baqir Jafar Sadiq Musa al-Kazim Ali al-Rida (Ali Raza) Muhammad al-Taqi Ali al-Hadi (Ali Naqi) Hasan al-Askari Muhammad al-Mahdi
Imams Zaïdites
Ali ibn Abu Talib Hasan ibn Ali Husayn ibn Ali Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin Zayd ibn Ali
Imams Isma'iliens
Ali ibn Abu Talib (Nizarisme ismaélien et Qarmates - Sevener seulement; Asās/Wāsīh chez les Musta'liens ismaéliens) Hasan ibn Ali (Qarmates - Sevener et Mustaliens seulement; Pir dans le Nizarisme) Husayn ibn Ali Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin Muhammad al-Baqir Jafar Sadiq Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar Maymūn Al-Qaddāḥ (Mustaliens et Nizarites Isma'iliens uniquement)
Autres
Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid Sharif al-Murtaza Nasir al-Din al-Tusi Al-Hilli Zurarah ibn A'yan Hisham ibn Hakam Agha Zia Addin Araghi Ja'far Sobhani
Historiographes, politologues et sociologues
Al-Masudi Ibn al-Tiqtaqa Ibn Hisham Ibn Ishaq Ibn Kathir Ibn Khaldoun Ibn Khallikan Mahdi ElMandjra Rashid-al-Din Hamadani Sayyid Qutb Tabari Usamah ibn Munqidh
Voir également
Kalam Aqidah Liste des personnes par croyance Liste des Ash'aris et Maturidis Liste des musulmans Savants musulmans occidentaux
Catégorie:Théologien musulman