Темите (183-220) по-долу са покрити в глава IX-та: Неврология от Анатомията на Грей (версия от 1918 г.)
Structure of the nervous system ()
nerve fibers gray substance и white substance
невроглия нервни клетки Unipolar cells Bipolar cells Multipolar cells Pyramidal cell
нервни клетки axis-cylinder process или аксон protoplasmic processes или дендрити cyton Nissl's granules
Nerve cells cone of origin Nerve fibers medullated fibers или white fibers
medullated fibers или white fibers white substance of Schwann или medullary sheath neurolemma, primitive sheath, или nucleated sheath of Schwann axis-cylinder primitive fibrillae of Schultze neurokeratin
medullated fibers или white fibers medullary sheath, или white matter of Schwann
medullated fibers или white fibers прищъпване на Ранвие internodal segment Ranvier's crosses Frommann's lines medullary segments, или segments of Lantermann neurolemma или primitive sheath Wallerian degeneration
Non-medullated Fibers Gray or gelatinous nerve fibers (fibers of Remak) Structure of the Peripheral nerves and Ganglia cerebrospinal nerves funiculus fasciculi epineurium perineurium endoneurium vasomotor fibers spheroidal tactile corpuscles или end bulbs of Krause nervi nervorum plexus
Structure of the Peripheral nerves и Ganglia sympathetic nerves sensory nerves, или centripetal nerves или afferent nerves centrifugal nerves или efferent nerves Origins and Terminations of Nerves
origins или central terminations; и peripheral terminations Origins of nerves superficial origin или apparent origin deep origin или real origin Peripheral terminations of nerves Motor nerves motor end-plate Ганглии
Neuron theory неврон синапс или synaptic membrane Fasciculi, трактове или fiber systems
Development of the nervous system () Гръбначен стълб
Гръбначен стълб Roof-plate of medulla spinalis Floor-plate of medulla spinalis layers Ependymal layer Marginal layer Mantle layer Spongioblasts germinal cells Neuroblasts
Dorsal lamina (Alar lamina) Ventral lamina (Basal lamina) Terminal ventricle Oval bundle filum terminale
spinal nerves
spinal nerves
ganglion ridge (neural crest) spinal nerve
Brain
Brain
ventral cephalic flexure cervical flexure pontine flexure
Hind-brain or Rhombencephalon
Hind-brain isthmus rhombencephali Metencephalon Myelencephalon
medulla oblongata tractus solitarius oval bundle rhombic lip
Rhombic grooves Мост: development of: Малък мозък: development of: Fissura prima (cerebellum) Fissura secunda (cerebellum)
Floccular fissure post-nodular fissure incisura fastigii
Среден мозък
Среден мозък
Prosencephalon
Prosencephalon
optic vesicles optic stalks lamina terminalis telencephalon
Diencephalon
Diencephalon thalamus
metathalamus epithalamus posterior commissure Pineal recess (recessus pinealis) pars mamillaris hypothalami
Telencephalon
Telencephalon
pars optica hypothalami cerebral hemispheres rhinencephalon Neopallium external rhinal fissure
corpus striatum caudate nucleus lentiform nucleus neopallium lateral ventricle falx cerebri
hippocampal fissure hippocampus Commissures Hippocampal commissure
Commissures corpus callosum fornix anterior commissures septum pellucidum
Fissures and Sulci
central sulcus intraparietal sulcus cingulate sulcus lateral cerebral sulcus (Sylvian fissure) Sylvian fossa
Development of cranial nerves tractus solitarius oval bundle
The spinal cord or medulla spinalis ()
medulla spinalis or spinal cord conus medullaris filum terminale dura mater epidural cavity subdural cavity arachnoid
subarachnoid cavity pia mater ligamentum denticulatum spinal ganglion spinal segments (Neuromeres) cauda equina filum terminale filum terminale internum filum terminale externum
Enlargements of medulla spinalis
Enlargements of medulla spinalis cervical enlargement lumbar enlargement
Fissures and Sulci
Anterior median fissure (fissura mediana anterior) Posterior median sulcus (sulcus medianus posterior) posterolateral sulcus posterior funiculus postero-intermediate sulcus fasciculus gracilis (tract of Goll) fasciculus cuneatus (tract of Burdach)
antero-lateral region anterior funiculus lateral funiculus Internal Structure of the Medulla spinalis
Gray substance
Gray substance (substantia grisea centralis) central canal Anterior column (columna anterior; anterior cornu) lateral column (columna lateralis; lateral cornu) Posterior column (columna posterior; posterior cornu) tract of Lissauer substantia gelatinosa of Rolando
Posterior column (columna posterior; posterior cornu) formatio reticularis Central canal (canalis centralis) anterior gray commissure posterior gray commissure terminal ventricle substantia gelatinosa centralis
association neurons or intersegmental neurons crossed commissural fibers
Nerve cells in the Anterior column antero-medial column
Nerve cells in the Anterior column dorso-medial column Nerve cells in the Lateral column lateral nucleus
Nerve cells in the Lateral column preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic system Nerve cells in the Posterior column dorsal nucleus (nucleus dorsalis; column of Clarke) cervical nucleus sacral nucleus dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus (direct cerebellar) nerve cells in the substantia gelatinosa of Rolando Solitary cells posterior basal column
White substance
White substance (substantia alba)
Nerve fasciculi Wallerian degeneration descending degeneration ascending degeneration Fasciculi in the anterior funiculus Descending fasciculi anterior cerebrospinal (fasciculus cerebrospinalis anterior; direct pyramidal tract)
Fasciculi in the anterior funiculus Descending fasciculi vestibulospinal fasciculus tectospinal fasciculus Ascending fasciculi ventral spinothalamic fasciculus anterior proper fasciculus (fasciculus anterior proprius; anterior basis bundle) Fasciculi in the lateral funiculus Descending fasciculi lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus (fasciculus cerebrospinalis lateralis; crossed pyramidal tract)
Fasciculi in the lateral funiculus Descending fasciculi rubrospinal fasciculus (Monakow) (prepyramidal tract) olivospinal fasciculus (Helweg) Ascending fasciculi dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus (fasciculus cerebellospinalis; direct cerebellar tract of Flechsig) superficial antero-lateral fasciculus (tract of Gowers) ventral spinocerebellar fasciculus (Gowers)
Fasciculi in the lateral funiculus Ascending fasciculi lateral spinothalamic fasciculus secondary sensory fasciculus or spinal lemniscus spinotectal fasciculus (spino-quadrigeminal system of Mott) fasciculus of Lissauer lateral proper fasciculus (fasciculus lateralis proprius; lateral basis bundle) medial longitudinal fasciculus Fasciculi in the Posterior funiculus fasciculus gracilis (tract of Goll)
Fasciculi in the Posterior funiculus fasciculus cuneatus (tract of Burdach)
Fasciculi in the Posterior funiculus Posterior proper fasciculus (Posterior ground bundle, Posterior basis bundle) descending fibers occupy different parts at different levels Comma-shaped fasciculus Dorsal peripheral band Oval area of Flechsig triangular strand Roots of spinal nerves
The brain or encephalon ()
Brain (Encephalon) Brain: divisions of: Cerebral aqueduct (Aqueduct of Sylvius)
The hind-brain or rhombencephalon ()
tentorium cerebelli myelencephalon metencephalon isthmus rhombencephali
Myelencephalon
Medulla oblongata (spinal bulb) Anterior median fissure (fissura mediana anterior; ventral or ventromedian fissure) foramen cecum pyramidal decussation anterior external arcuate fibers Posterior median fissure (fissura mediana posterior; dorsal or dorsomedian fissure)
antero-lateral sulcus postero-lateral sulcus
Myelencephalon: anterior district of medulla oblongata
pyramid of medulla oblongata (pyramis medullæ oblongatæ) pyramidal decussation
medial longitudinal fasciculus
Myelencephalon: lateral district
olive (oliva; olivary body)
Myelencephalon: posterior district of medulla oblongata – lower part
fasciculus gracilis fasciculus cuneatus clava nucleus gracilis cuneate tubercle nucleus cuneatus
tubercle of Rolando (tuber cinereum)
Myelencephalon: posterior district of medulla oblongata – upper part
inferior peduncle restiform bodies striæ medullares
Myelencephalon: Cerebrospinal fasciculi
nucleus ambiguus
fasciculus gracilis fasciculus cuneatus
medial nucleus lateral nucleus lemniscus (fillet) decussation of the lemniscus (sensory decussation)
locus cæruleus dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus (fasciculus cerebellospinalis; direct cerebellar tract) proper fasciculi (basis bundles)
medial longitudinal fasciculus
Myelencephalon: Gray Substance of the Medulla oblongata
hypoglossal nucleus trigonum hypoglossi nucleus ambiguus
dorsal nucleus sensory nucleus
dorsal nucleus ala cinerea (trigonum vagi) nucleus of the cochlear nerve and nucleus of the vestibular nerve olivary nuclei inferior olivary nucleus hilum peduncle of the olive olivocerebellar fibers medial accessory olivary nucleus
olivary nuclei dorsal accessory olivary nucleus
Myelencephalon: Inferior peduncle (restiform body)
dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus olivocerebellar fibers Internal arcuate fibers anterior external arcuate fibers nucleus arcuatus
posterior external arcuate fibers
terminal sensory nuclei ventral spinocerebellar fasciculus cerebellum
Myelencephalon: Formatio reticularis
reticularis alba reticularis grisea inferior central nucleus (nucleus of Roller) nucleus lateralis lemniscus medial longitudinal fasciculus
fasciculus solitarius
Metencephalon - pons
Pons (pons Varoli) tænia pontis anterior surface (pars basilaris pontis) middle peduncle sulcus basilaris posterior surface (pars dorsalis pontis) basilar part of the pons superficial transverse fibers (fibræ pontis superficiales) deep transverse fibers (fibræ pontis profundæ) longitudinal fasciculi (fasciculi longitudinales)
basilar part of the pons nuclei pontis Tegmental part of pons
Tegmental part of pons trapezoid body trapezoid nucleus medial longitudinal fasciculus pontine nuclei superior olivary nucleus (nucleus olivaris superior) nuclei of the trigeminal nerve (nuclei n. trigemini) motor nucleus mesencephalic root sensory nucleus nucleus of the abducent nerve (nucleus n. abducentis) nucleus of the facial nerve (nucleus n. fascialis) colliculus facialis
Tegmental part of pons pontine nuclei nucleus of the cochlear nerve lateral cochlear nucleus accessory cochlear nucleus nuclei of the vestibular nerve chief vestibular nucleus spinal vestibular nucleus nucleus of Deiters nucleus of Bechterew medial nucleus area acustica lateral nucleus
Metencephalon - cerebellum
Cerebellum Lobes of the Cerebellum vermis vallecula cerebelli superior vermis inferior vermis posterior cerebellar notch anterior cerebellar notch
horizontal sulcus upper surface of the cerebellum lingula (lingula cerebelli) Lobulus Centralis and Alæ (wing) lobulus centralis precentral fissure ala lobuli centralis Monticulus and Quadrangular lobules monticulus postcentral fissure quadrangular lobule preclival fissure
Monticulus and Quadrangular lobules culmen clivus lobus culminis lobus clivi Folium vermis and Superior semilunar lobule folium vermis (folium cacuminis; cacuminal lobe) superior semilunar lobule (lobulus semilunaris superior; postero-superior lobules) horizontal sulcus lobus semilunaris under surface of the cerebellum inferior vermis sulcus valleculæ nodule uvula pyramid tuber vermis flocculus tonsilla cerebelli biventral lobule inferior semilunar lobule